Scribes of the Prophet
Before
we go on to study what they did, we must understand who the scribes were.
Scribes were those people who preserved the revelations of Quran in writing and
in memory.
How they carried out
their work?
● Close companions of the Prophet
● Always stayed close to him
● Whenever the Prophet received a revelation, he
immediately dictated it to them, as he himself was illiterate
● They would write it on pieces of wood, animal skins,
palm leaves etc.
● They would also learn the revelations by heart
● They would add new verses and arrange them in order on
the instructions of the Prophet
● They preserved the word of Allah
● Some scribes of that time were:
● Hazrat Abu Bakar
● Hazrat Umar
● Hazrat Usman
● Hazrat Ali
● Hazrat Zaid bin Sabit
● Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood
● Hazrat Ameer Muawiya
(Apart
from their names, you also need brief accounts of a few of them. More on that
later!)
Importance of their work:
The
scribes of the divine revelation hold immense importance in Islam as they made
sure that the revelations must be in written form because the Prophet did not
know how to read or write. Apart from writing them, they also learnt the verses
so that they remained in their memory. Thus they played a vital role in the preservation
of Quran in its original form. If they had not written the revelations, the
word of Allah might perish forever. This shows that their work played an
important role in preserving Quran for future generations.
Zaid Bin Sabit:
● Chief scribe
● Belonged to Khazraj tribe
● Accepted Islam before Prophet’s migration at the age
of 11
● Wanted to participate in badr but Prophet did not
allow him due to his young age
● Prophet’s secretary in 3 AH
● Took part in Trench and Tabuk expeditions
● Could speak many languages
● Learned Hebrew to talk to jews
● Had a very good memory
● He was a memorizer of the Quran
● 1st ansar to swear allegiance to the
Prophet
● Compiled Quran during 1st and 3rd
caliphate
● Qazi of Medina during 2nd caliphate
● Public treasurer in 3rd caliphate
● Clear and beautiful recitation with proper punctuation
Abdullah Bin Masood:
● Early convert
● Suffered persecution
● Migrated to Abyssinia
● 1st Muslim to recite Quran openly in Makkah
● Attended to the needs of the Prophet
● Killed Abu Jahl in Battle of Badr
● Narrated 800 ahadis
● Known as Sahabi bin Sahabiya
● Prophet asked companions to learn recitation from him
Emigrants and Helpers
Emigrants Helpers
●
Early converts - people of
Medina
●
Suffered
persecution
-took the pledges of Aqabah
●
Traders by
profession -
invited the Prophet to Medina
●
Migrated to
Abyssinia -
paired with emigrants
●
Migrated to
Medina -
shared property with them
●
Left belongings
and families - fought in
battles
●
Participated in
battles - 238 of
them in Badr
●
1st 4
caliphs were amongst them - Prophet
came back to Medina after
●
Remained loyal to
Prophet conquest of Makkah to repay for
●
Paired with Ansar the loyalty of Ansar
●
About them, Quran
says: “ those who - dropped down their demand for
strive
with their might and main in caliph after the Prophet’s demand
Allah’s cause, with their goods and -
Quran mentions them and holds
their
persons have the highest of in high honor
ranks in Allah’s sight”
Other Important People surrounding the Prophet
1.
Ameer
Muawiya:
●
Son of Abu Sufyan
●
Accepted Islam
after Conquest of Makkah
●
Prophet’s
secretary
●
Governor of Syria
in 2nd caliphate
●
Continued this
post in 3rd caliphate
●
Build the first
naval f;;et of 500 ships
●
Fought the Battle
of Camel and Siffin
●
Conquered North
Africa
●
Founder of Ummayad
dynasty
2.
Ubbay Bin
Kaab:
●
Belonged to
Khazraj tribe
●
Took the pledges
of Aqabah
●
Wrote letters for
Prophet
●
Wrote last verse
of Quran
●
Memorizer of the
Quran
●
Had a beautiful
recitation
●
Member of the
consultative body in 1st caliphate
3.
Khalid Bin
Waleed:
●
Amongst the
Quraish
●
Accepted Islam
after treaty of Hudaybia
●
Known as Saif
Ullah
●
Changed the
course of Battle of Uhad
●
His bravery led
to victory at Mutah after original leaders had died
●
Leader of one
squadron at Battle of Badr
●
Fought wars
against Persians and Romans.
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